US Battery Storage Market Analysis, By Application (Transportation, Grid Storage, UPS), By Product (Flywheel Battery, Lead Acid Battery) - Market Size, Share, Trends & Forecast 2025-2035

U.S. Battery Storage Market: Overview

The U.S. Battery Storage market estimated at USD 721.35 million in 2024, and is projected to reach approximately USD 1342.28 million by 2035, at a CAGR of 14.6% from 2025 to 2035. 

A primary challenge with renewable energy systems is the mismatch between the demand for resources and their availability. Thermal storage systems help bridge this gap by storing energy, but they face limitations. These systems struggle to maintain energy for extended periods, as they can only store heat effectively for up to a half-year cycle before inefficiencies lead to energy dissipation. Additionally, energy stored in battery storage systems depletes over time due to heat loss, as current technologies are still in the developmental phase. Seasonal storage methods, like Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) and flywheels, require vast amounts of surface area. If the stored heat is not used within a specific time frame, there is a risk that it will dissipate into the atmosphere. The lack of long-term storage solutions and the inefficiency of existing technologies are expected to be significant restraints on the market during the forecast period.

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Market Growth Drivers

Increasing Demand for Renewable Energy Integration

One of the primary drivers of the battery storage market in the U.S. is the rapid growth in renewable energy capacity—particularly solar and wind. These energy sources are inherently intermittent and require storage solutions to balance supply and demand. Battery storage helps maintain grid stability by absorbing excess power during peak generation times (e.g., midday for solar) and releasing it during high-demand periods. It enables time-shifting of renewable generation, making clean energy more reliable and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Battery storage minimizes the wastage of renewable energy by storing what would otherwise be curtailed.

Supportive Government Policies and Incentives

The growth of the U.S. battery storage market is significantly fueled by proactive federal and state-level policies aimed at accelerating the energy transition. A cornerstone of this policy support is the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022, which extended the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) to standalone energy storage projects for the first time. This provision has dramatically improved the economics of battery storage by allowing developers to claim a tax credit of up to 30% of installation costs, making projects more financially viable and attractive to investors. 

Beyond federal support, many U.S. states—such as California, New York, and Massachusetts—have implemented their own incentive programs and storage mandates. For example, California’s Self-Generation Incentive Program (SGIP) offers rebates for residential and commercial battery storage installations, while New York’s NY-Sun and Energy Storage Roadmap outlines ambitious targets for integrating large-scale storage into the grid. These policies are not only encouraging widespread deployment but are also helping to build a robust domestic battery supply chain and spurring innovation in storage technologies.

Market Restraints

High Initial Capital Costs

One of the most significant barriers remains the upfront investment required for battery storage systems, especially for large-scale grid applications. While federal tax credits help, the capital intensity can still deter smaller developers and utilities with limited budgets. Despite technological advancements and declining per-kWh battery costs over the past decade, the total cost of ownership—including installation, integration, safety systems, and permitting—remains substantial. This financial burden can deter many stakeholders, particularly smaller utilities, municipalities, and independent power producers who may lack the necessary financing or risk appetite. Moreover, the return on investment (ROI) can be uncertain in regions where electricity market structures do not yet fully compensate for the grid services battery storage can provide—such as frequency regulation, load shifting, or demand response. While federal incentives like the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) and state-level subsidies are helping to reduce these barriers, the initial capital intensity continues to be a critical bottleneck slowing broader adoption.

Environmental and Recycling Challenges

As battery storage deployments grow across the U.S., concerns around the environmental impact and end-of-life management of batteries are becoming increasingly important. Lithium-ion batteries, which dominate the current market, involve the use of hazardous materials and metals such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese, which can pose environmental risks if not disposed of properly. The absence of a comprehensive national framework for battery recycling and reuse leads to fragmented efforts across states, with many used batteries ending up in landfills or being shipped abroad for processing. Furthermore, current recycling technologies are often energy-intensive, costly, and unable to recover all valuable materials efficiently, reducing their economic feasibility.

Market Opportunities

Decarbonization and Renewable Energy Integration 

As the U.S. aggressively moves toward a clean energy future, battery storage plays a critical role in balancing intermittent generation from solar and wind sources. The increasing number of utility-scale renewable projects creates opportunities for storage systems to provide grid reliability, energy shifting, and backup power, enabling deeper penetration of renewables. As utilities and grid operators integrate increasing amounts of renewable energy—particularly solar and wind—battery storage systems become essential for managing the inherent variability and intermittency of these sources. Unlike fossil fuel-based generation, renewables produce energy only when the sun shines or the wind blows, which can lead to mismatches between supply and demand. Battery storage helps smooth out these fluctuations by storing excess energy during peak generation periods and dispatching it during high demand or when renewable output drops.

Technological Advancements

Continued R&D in alternative chemistries like solid-state, sodium-ion, and iron-air batteries is expected to reduce costs, enhance safety, and increase energy density. These innovations will help make battery storage more accessible and economically viable for a wider range of applications, including long-duration energy storage.

U.S. Battery Storage Market: Report Scope

Market Analysis: By Application

Based on application, the U.S. Battery Storage market has been divided into Transportation, Grid Storage, UPS. The Transportation segment dominates due to the surging adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in the U.S., driven by strong federal incentives, advancements in EV battery technology, and increasing environmental awareness. Major automakers and startups are scaling up EV production and investing in domestic battery manufacturing facilities to meet demand and qualify for U.S.-based tax credits under the Inflation Reduction Act.

Market Analysis: By Product

Based on product, the U.S. Battery Storage market is divided into Flywheel Battery, Lead Acid Battery. Lead-Acid batteries have traditionally been the most widely used battery technology in energy storage applications, including for both grid storage and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS). Their dominance in the U.S. Battery Storage market can be attributed to several factors such as cost-effectiveness, Lead-acid batteries are less expensive compared to other battery technologies, making them a preferred choice for industries and applications with budget constraints. Established Technology, With over a century of development, lead-acid batteries have a proven track record of reliability and performance, especially in backup power applications (like UPS).

Competitive Landscape 

The U.S. Battery Storage industry is dominated by businesses like General Electric, Hitachi Ltd., GS YuasaBeckett Energy Systems, Exide Technologies, Samsung SDI, Enersys, AES Energy Storage, Imergy Power Systems Inc., Altair Nanotechnologies Inc. because of their unique service offerings, financial stability, strategic innovations. The participants are focusing their efforts on promoting R&D. Additionally, they support strategic expansion activities including product launch, joint ventures, and partnerships to expand their client base and boost their market position. Some of the prominent players in the market include General Electric, Hitachi Ltd., GS YuasaBeckett Energy Systems, Exide Technologies, Samsung SDI, Enersys, AES Energy Storage, Imergy Power Systems Inc., Altair Nanotechnologies Inc.

Strategic Developments

• August 2019, VYCON Inc. added a new product VDC-XXT flywheel model to its existing family of products. The product can be paired with three-phase UPS, and it utilizes the patented technology of the company. This product will help the client to reduce its initial cost, and also it lowers ongoing energy and operational costs over the life of the product installed.